Child Support Guidelines by State (2026)

A comprehensive comparison of child support calculation methods across all 50 states — including guideline models, income thresholds, percentage rates, parenting time adjustments, and add-on expense rules. Sourced from state statutes and court rules.

Last updated March 2026 · Sources cited below each table

41

States use Income Shares

6

States use Percentage of Income

3

States use Melson Formula

4 years

Federal review cycle requirement

Based on current state statutes and court rules. This page provides statistical information, not legal advice.

Child Support Guideline Models

Every state uses one of three models to calculate child support. The Income Shares model — which considers both parents' incomes — is used by 41 states. Six states use a Percentage of Income model based solely on the noncustodial parent's earnings, and three states use the Melson Formula, which prioritizes each parent's self-support needs.

41
6
3
Income Shares (41 states) Percentage of Income (6 states) Melson Formula (3 states)

All 50 States — Guideline Model & Statute

State Model Subtype Effective Statute
Alabama Income Shares 2023-06-01 Ala. R. Jud. Admin. R. 32
Alaska Percentage of Income flat 2023-10-16 Alaska R. Civ. P. 90.3
Arizona Income Shares 2022-01-01 A.R.S. § 25-320
Arkansas Income Shares 2020-07-01 Ark. Admin. Order No. 10
California Income Shares 2024-09-01 Cal. Fam. Code §§ 4050-4076
Colorado Income Shares 2024-07-01 C.R.S. § 14-10-115
Connecticut Income Shares 2015-07-01 Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-215a
Delaware Melson Formula 2023-02-01 Del. Fam. Ct. Civ. R. 500-509
Florida Income Shares 2024-07-01 Fla. Stat. § 61.30
Georgia Income Shares 2024-07-01 O.C.G.A. § 19-6-15
Hawaii Melson Formula 2024-04-01 Haw. Rev. Stat. §§ 571-52.5; 576D-7
Idaho Income Shares 2022-07-01 Idaho R. Fam. L.P. 126
Illinois Income Shares 2017-07-01 750 ILCS 5/505
Indiana Income Shares 2024-01-01 Ind. Child Support R. & Guidelines
Iowa Income Shares 2022-01-01 Iowa Ct. R. ch. 9
Kansas Income Shares 2025-05-01 Kan. Admin. Order No. 307
Kentucky Income Shares 2023-03-31 Ky. Rev. Stat. § 403.212
Louisiana Income Shares 2025-01-01 La. Rev. Stat. §§ 9:315-9:315.47
Maine Income Shares 2021-10-18 Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 19-A §§ 2001-2012
Maryland Income Shares 2025-10-01 Md. Code Fam. Law §§ 12-201 to 12-204
Massachusetts Income Shares 2025-12-01 Mass. Child Support Guidelines
Michigan Income Shares 2025-01-01 Mich. Child Support Formula (MCL 552.605)
Minnesota Income Shares 2018-08-01 Minn. Stat. §§ 518A.26-518A.78
Mississippi Percentage of Income flat 2009-07-01 Miss. Code §§ 43-19-101 to 43-19-103
Missouri Income Shares 2023-01-01 Mo. Rev. Stat. § 452.340; R. 88.01
Montana Melson Formula 2022-07-01 Mont. Admin. R. 37.62.101-37.62.146
Nebraska Income Shares 2024-01-01 Neb. Ct. R. §§ 4-201 to 4-220
Nevada Percentage of Income varying 2020-02-01 Nev. Rev. Stat. ch. 125B
New Hampshire Income Shares 2025-01-01 N.H. Rev. Stat. §§ 458-C:1 to 458-C:7
New Jersey Income Shares 2025-06-01 N.J. Ct. R. 5:6A
New Mexico Income Shares 2024-01-01 N.M. Stat. §§ 40-4-11.1 to 40-4-11.6
New York Income Shares 2024-03-01 N.Y. Dom. Rel. Law § 240(1-b)
North Carolina Income Shares 2023-01-01 N.C.G.S. § 50-13.4
North Dakota Percentage of Income varying 2023-07-01 N.D. Admin. Code §§ 75-02-04.1-01 to -13
Ohio Income Shares 2024-11-01 Ohio Rev. Code §§ 3119.01-3119.24
Oklahoma Income Shares 2022-11-01 Okla. Stat. tit. 43 §§ 118-120
Oregon Income Shares 2023-07-07 Or. Admin. R. 137-050-0700 to -0765
Pennsylvania Income Shares 2026-01-01 231 Pa. Code R. 1910.16-1 to -7
Rhode Island Income Shares 2023-07-01 R.I.G.L. § 15-5-16.2
South Carolina Income Shares 2024-01-01 S.C. Code Regs. §§ 114-4710 to 114-4750
South Dakota Income Shares 2022-07-01 S.D.C.L. §§ 25-7-6.1 to 25-7-6.27
Tennessee Income Shares 2021-10-01 Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1240-02-04
Texas Percentage of Income varying 2025-09-01 Tex. Fam. Code §§ 154.001-154.309
Utah Income Shares 2023-01-01 Utah Code §§ 78B-12-101 to 78B-12-304
Vermont Income Shares 2024-01-02 Vt. Stat. tit. 15 §§ 653-659
Virginia Income Shares 2025-07-01 Va. Code §§ 20-108.1 to 20-108.2
Washington Income Shares 2026-01-01 Wash. Rev. Code §§ 26.19.001-26.19.100
West Virginia Income Shares 2023-06-01 W. Va. Code §§ 48-13-101 to 48-13-803
Wisconsin Percentage of Income flat 2024-01-01 Wis. Admin. Code DCF §§ 150.01-150.05
Wyoming Income Shares 2023-07-01 Wyo. Stat. §§ 20-2-301 to 20-2-315

Source: State statutes, court rules, and administrative codes. Cross-referenced with NCSL state-by-state comparisons.

Child Support Rates by State

The percentage of parental income allocated to child support varies by state and number of children. California and Georgia have among the highest effective rates for one child (~23-25%), while Mississippi and Wisconsin have lower statutory rates (14% and 17% respectively). Rates increase with the number of children, typically reaching 38-44% for five children.

Effective Base Rate for 1 Child (% of combined or obligor income)

CA
25%
MA
23%
GA
23%
IA
22%
PA
22%
MD
22%
NJ
22%
CT
20.5%
TX
20%
AK
20%
DE
18%
WI
17%
NY
17%
MS
14%
Income Shares (effective % at median income) Percentage of Income (statutory %) Melson Formula (effective %)

Income shares rates are effective percentages at median combined income (~$7,000/month). Percentage-of-income rates are statutory flat rates applied to the obligor's income. Source: State guideline schedules and statutes.

Parenting Time Adjustments

Most states reduce child support obligations when the noncustodial parent has significant parenting time. The threshold varies dramatically — Indiana starts adjustments at just 52 overnights, while Illinois requires 146. Four states (Texas, New York, Mississippi, New Hampshire) have no automatic adjustment at all, leaving it entirely to judicial discretion.

52 overnights

Indiana

Lowest threshold in the country; credit begins at just 52 overnights

Ind. Child Support Guidelines § 6

73 overnights

Florida

Substantial time-sharing at 20%+ overnights (73/yr)

Fla. Stat. § 61.30(11)(b)

0 % of time

California

Timeshare integrated into algebraic formula; no minimum threshold

Cal. Fam. Code § 4055

146 overnights

Illinois

Shared parenting triggered at 146+ overnights (40%)

750 ILCS 5/505(a)(3.3)

No formula

Texas

No automatic parenting time adjustment; court discretion only

Tex. Fam. Code § 154.123

No formula

New York

No parenting time formula; CSSA applies regardless of custody arrangement

N.Y. DRL § 240(1-b)

Source: State statutes and court rules. Thresholds represent the minimum parenting time that triggers an automatic support adjustment.

Add-on Expense Rules

Beyond the base child support obligation, most states require parents to share additional expenses for childcare, health insurance, and unreimbursed medical costs. The most common allocation method is pro rata — proportional to each parent's share of combined income. A few percentage-of-income states include these costs in the base calculation instead.

Allocation Method Childcare Medical Education
Pro Rata (income proportional) 46 states 47 states 4 states
Included in Base 2 states
Obligor Pays 2 states
Court Discretion 2 states 1 state 46 states

Source: State statutes and court rules. Education expenses (private school, tutoring) are discretionary in most states; only California, Georgia, New York, and a few others include them as standard add-ons.

Download the Dataset

All data on this page is available as free, open CSV files on GitHub — 6 datasets covering guideline models, income thresholds, percentage rates, parenting time adjustments, add-on rules, and minimum support amounts. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

View on GitHub

Free to use with attribution · CC BY 4.0 License

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the three child support guideline models?
U.S. states use one of three models to calculate child support: Income Shares (41 states) combines both parents' incomes and allocates support based on each parent's proportional share. Percentage of Income (6 states: Alaska, Mississippi, Nevada, North Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin) bases support on the noncustodial parent's income only. Melson Formula (3 states: Delaware, Hawaii, Montana) is a variant of income shares that first ensures each parent retains a self-support reserve before calculating support.
How is child support calculated in an income shares state?
In income shares states, both parents' gross (or net) incomes are combined. A lookup table based on that combined income and the number of children determines the total child support obligation. Each parent's share is then proportional to their percentage of the combined income. The custodial parent's share is assumed to be spent directly on the child. The noncustodial parent pays their share as child support. Add-on expenses like childcare and health insurance are typically shared in the same income proportions.
Does parenting time affect child support?
In most states, yes. Parenting time adjustments reduce the noncustodial parent's obligation when they have the child for a significant amount of time. The threshold varies widely: Indiana starts adjustments at just 52 overnights per year, while Illinois requires 146 overnights. A few states (Texas, New York, Mississippi, New Hampshire) have no automatic parenting time adjustment — it's left to court discretion. California integrates parenting time directly into its formula with no minimum threshold.
What is a self-support reserve?
A self-support reserve is the minimum amount an obligor (paying parent) is allowed to retain for their own basic living expenses before child support is calculated. It's typically tied to the federal poverty level — commonly 100-180% of FPL for a single person, which ranges from approximately $1,255 to $1,398 per month depending on the state. If the obligor's income falls below this threshold, the state either reduces the support obligation or applies a minimum order amount.
Are childcare and medical expenses included in child support?
In most income shares states, work-related childcare and health insurance premiums are added on top of the basic support obligation and shared pro rata (proportional to each parent's income). Some percentage-of-income states like Mississippi and Wisconsin include these costs within the base percentage rather than as separate add-ons. Health insurance is almost universally required — courts typically order whichever parent has access to employer-sponsored coverage to provide it.
What is the minimum child support payment?
Most states set a statutory minimum between $25 and $100 per month for obligors with very low income. The most common minimum is $50/month. Some states (Delaware, Hawaii, Montana) use the Melson formula's self-support reserve instead of a fixed minimum. A few states (Iowa, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Wisconsin) have no statutory minimum and leave it to judicial discretion. Use our child support calculator for a state-specific estimate.
How often do states update their guidelines?
Federal law (42 U.S.C. § 667) requires each state to review its child support guidelines at least every four years. Some states review more frequently. Recent major updates include Washington (new economic table effective January 2026 expanding to $50,000/month combined income), Virginia (first schedule update in decades, July 2025), and Texas (net resources cap increase to $11,700/month, September 2025).
Where does this data come from?
All data is sourced directly from state statutes, court rules, and administrative codes. Each entry in the dataset includes a specific statute citation and source URL. The data was cross-referenced against the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), Justia 50-state surveys, and state child support enforcement agency publications. The full dataset is available on GitHub under CC BY 4.0.

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